Acute Toxicity Test of Laundry Detergent Waste and Sublethal Test to Gourami Fingerlings (Osphronemus gouramy)
(1) Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau
(2) Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau
(3) Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Laundry detergent waste is toxic and can harm the environment and aquatic life. This study aims to find out the effect of detergent waste on the growth and mortality of gourami (Osphronemus gouramy) seeds and the threshold value of laundry detergent waste that can still be tolerated by gourami seeds. This research was carried out from December 2020 to January 2021 at the Aquaculture Environmental Quality Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science (FPK) University of Riau. This research method used an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) method with three tests namely the preliminary test, acute toxicity test, and sublethal test. Observation of fish behavior and morphology during the test is described descriptively. In the preliminary test, the lower and upper threshold values were 10 mlL-1and 100 mlL-1. Then in the acute toxicity test, the value LC50-96hour was obtained at 30.1 mlL-1with a biological safe limit value of 0.301 mlL-1. The best treatment obtained from the sublethal test was P1 with a concentration of 0.3 mlL-1resulting in an absolute weight gain of 1.03 g, a specific growth rate of 1.56%, and a survival rate of 83.33%. The mortality rate is influenced by the concentration of detergent waste, the higher the concentration of detergent waste, the higher the mortality rate. Detergent waste that enters the waters affects the surface tension of the water so that the oxygen diffusion process is hampered, the reduced dissolved oxygen stresses the fish. Detergent waste can also enter the fish's body, irritating the gills and other organs, which can lead to death
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
[NRC] National Research Council. (1993). Nutrient requirement of fish. Washington. D.C.: National Academy of Science. 51 p.
Atima, W. (2015). BOD dan COD sebagai Parameter Pencemaran Air dan Baku Mutu Air Limbah. Biology Science & Education Journal. IAIN Ambon.
Boyd, C.E., & Tucker, C.S. (1998). Pond Aquaculture Water Quality Management. Springer Science & Business Media. New York. 700 p.
Effendi, H. (2003). Telaah Kualitas Air : Bagi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya dan Lingkungan Perairan. Penerbit : Kanisius. Yogyakarta
Effendie, M.I. (1992). Metode Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Dwi Sri. Bogor.
Faumi, R., & Radhi, M. (2019). Pengaruh Limbah Detergen Terhadap Kesehatan Ikan. Tugas Mahasiswa Program Studi Aquakultur. Aceh: Universitas Almuslim.
Finney, D.J. (1978). Statistical Method in Biological Assay. Charles Griffin and Co Ltd. London.
Garno, Y.S. (2000). Daya Tahan Beberapa Organisme Air pada Pencemar Limbah Detergen. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 1 (3): 212-218.
Haq, I.A. (2019). Uji Toksisitas Detergen terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy). Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak.
Levit, S.M. (2010). A Literature Review of Effects of Ammonia on Fish. The Nature Conservancy. Center for Science in Public Participation. Bozeman. Montana.
Lubis, S.P., Utomo, B., & Riri, E. (2014). Uji toksisitas detergen cair terhadap ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio). Jurnal Aquacostmarine.
Maqfirah., Adhar, S., & Ezraneti, R. (2015). Efek surfaktan terhadap pertumbuhan. kelangsungan hidup dan struktur jaringan insang benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Acta Aquatica 2(2).
Mugirosani, T. (2011). Uji Toksisitas Air Limbah Laundry dengan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Skripsi. Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur. Surabaya.
Myers, D. (2006). Surfactant Science and Technology. New Jersey: Jhon Wiley and Son. Inc
Nirmala, K., Hadirosyeni, Y., & Widiasto. R.P. (2012). Penambahan Garam dalam Air Media yang Berisi Zeolit dan Arang Aktif pada Transportasi Sistem Tertutup Benih Ikan Gurami Osphronemus gouramy Lac. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia, 11(2): 190-201.
Rand, G.M., & Petrocelli, S.R. (1985). Fundamental of Aquatic Toxicology. Methods and Application Hemisphere Publishing Co. Washington.
Sitanggang, M., & Sarwono, B. (2007). Budidaya Gurami. Penerbit Swadaya. Jakarta.
Solikhah, T., & Trianik, W. (2015). Pengaruh surfaktan terhadap pertumbuhan dan histopatologi insang ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) sebagai materi pembelajaran siswa SMA kelas X. Jurnal JUPEMASI PBI. 1269:248-255.
Sulistyani, E., & Fitrianigtyas, M. (2010). Pengendalian Fouling Membrane Ultrafiltrasi dengan System Automatic Backwash dan Pencucian Membran. Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Undip. Semarang.
Sulistyo, J., Muarif., & Mumpuni, F.S. (2016). Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Gurami (Ophronemus gouramy) pada Sistem Resirkulasi dengan Padat Tebar 5, 7, dan 9 Ekor/L. Jurnal Pertanian, 7(2) : 87-93
Syafriadiman. (2006). Teknik Pengolahan Data Statistik. Mm Press. CV Mina Mandiri. Pekanbaru. 270 hlm
Syafriadiman. (2009). Toksisitas Limbah Cair Minyak Kelapa Sawit dan Uji Sublethal Terhadap Ikan Nila (Oreochromis sp.). Berkala Perikanan Terubuk, 38(1).
Yuliani, R.L. (2016). Pengaruh Limbah Detergen Industri Laundry terhadap Mortalitas dan Indeks Fisiologi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Skripsi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Malang
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 150 timesPDF - 113 times
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jpk.28.1.125-133
Copyright (c) 2023 Rizky Ramadhan, Syafriadiman Syafriadiman, Saberina Hasibuan
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Gedung Marine Center Lt 2. Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau