Journal of Fisheries and Marine was published by the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine of the Universitas Riau in 2007. The scope of the research included: Aquaculture, fisheries socioeconomic, fisheries technology, management of aquatic resources, utilization of fisheries and marine resources
Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau
Dynamics of Utilization and Sustainable Production Potential of Narrow-barred Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) in the Waters of Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi
Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) is a high-value large pelagic fish resource extensively exploited by fishers in Tanjung Jabung Barat waters, Jambi Province. This study aimed to analyze the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) and utilization rate of mackerel based on production and fishing effort data from 2019 to 2023. The Schaefer surplus production model was applied with fishing effort standardization using the Fishing Power Index (FPI). Fishing gears operating in the area included a lift net (bagan perahu), hand line, group purse seine, one boat purse seine, bottom long line, and troll line. Group purse seine was selected as the standard gear with a CPUE of 525.83 kg/unit. The MSY was estimated at 60,753.94 kg year⁻¹ with an optimum fishing effort (Eopt) of 208.98 standardized units. The Total Allowable Catch (TAC) was 48,603.15 kg year⁻¹ (80% MSY). The average utilization rate over the study period was 22.76%, and the average effort rate was 12.58%. All utilization and effort rates were below 60%, indicating underfishing. This condition suggests there is still potential for sustainable increases in fishing effort in these waters
Copyright (c) 2026 Dyva Mahda Wahyuni, Lauura Hermala Yunita, Rahayu Dian Eka Putri, Hari Cahyono, Giri Pratama, Diah Maulani Saputri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effectiveness of Filters on the Growth and Survival Rate of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in a Recirculating Aquaculture System
Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is a highly promising aquaculture commodity, yet intensive cultivation produces excessive organic waste that degrades water quality. The Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) serves as an effective solution for managing water quality through filtration, the performance of which depends heavily on the filter's design and layout. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of various filter layouts on water quality stability, growth performance, and survival rates of tambaqui reared in a recirculating system. This experimental study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, including layouts with no filter/control (P1), vertical (P2), horizontal (P3), and a vertical-horizontal combination (P4). The rearing process was conducted for 50 days at the Aquaculture Technology Laboratory, Universitas Riau. The results demonstrated that the combination filter layout (P4) yielded the best performance, achieving an average absolute weight gain of 10.71 g, absolute length gain of 6.81 cm, specific growth rate of 3.58%, feed efficiency of 83.33%, feed conversion ratio of 1.18, and a survival rate of 100%. Water quality parameters in P4 also exhibited the highest stability, with temperatures of 26.9–29.4°C, pH 6.1–7.3, dissolved oxygen 4.50–6.00 mg/L, ammonia 0.007–0.022 mg/L, nitrite 0.038–0.044 mg/L, and nitrate 0.131–0.366 mg/L. It can be concluded that the implementation of a recirculating system with a combination filter layout (vertical-horizontal) is the most effective treatment for optimizing water quality, thereby significantly enhancing the somatic growth and feed utilization efficiency of tambaqui.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Sayyid Barokah, Iskandar Putra, Niken Ayu Pamukas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Culture Using a Recirculating Aquaculture System: A Review of Concepts and Benefits
Catfish farming (Clarias gariepinus) is one of the rapidly growing aquaculture sectors in Indonesia. However, the main challenges frequently encountered are limited cultivation land and declining water quality due to the accumulation of metabolic waste, particularly ammonia. The Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) offers a solution by reusing culture water, assisted by mechanical, chemical, and biological filtration processes. RAS aims to minimize external water exchange while maintaining water quality at levels suitable for fish survival and growth. This article aims to review the concepts and benefits of recirculating systems in catfish culture, based on a literature review of scientific journals and related books, using a descriptive-exploratory approach. The review indicates that RAS provides numerous benefits, including improved water-use efficiency, enhanced water quality, reduced ammonia concentration, and increased stocking density and productivity in catfish culture. The role of filtration units and microorganisms is crucial in maintaining system stability, particularly in the decomposition of organic waste and toxic compound
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayi Yustiati, Sri Supriatinah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Technical Challenges and Prospects for the Development of Eucheuma cottonii Seaweed Cultivation in Indonesia: A Literature Review
Eucheuma cottonii is one of Indonesia’s leading seaweed commodities, possessing high economic value as a raw material for the carrageenan industry. Productivity levels in seaweed cultivation are influenced by cultivation methods, aquatic environmental conditions, and technical challenges during cultivation. This study aims to analyze the productivity of E. cottonii by considering various cultivation methods, assessing the impact of environmental factors and technical challenges on production yields, and linking these findings to the potential for the development of seaweed cultivation in Indonesia. The method used in this study is a literature review, analyzing various national and international scientific journals published between 2014 and 2025. The data analyzed included cultivation techniques, productivity levels, temperature, salinity, cultivation locations, and technical challenges affecting the growth of E. cottonii. Research findings indicate that the longline and floating raft methods generally yield higher productivity than the Off-bottom method, thanks to better water circulation, more even nutrient distribution, and higher light intensity. Environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, currents, and sedimentation influence the growth and biomass formation of seaweed. In addition, technical challenges such as ice-ice disease, changes in environmental conditions, seedling quality, and the stability of cultivation structures hinder productivity. Overall, the prospects for developing E. cottonii cultivation in Indonesia are quite promising. However, they require proper environmental management, the use of high-quality seedlings, the application of efficient cultivation technologies, and the strengthening of the downstream industry to sustainably improve productivity and increase the added value of seaweed products.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayi Yustiati, Chevrina Tri Prasetya Ningsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Size Distribution and Growth Pattern of Kapiat (Barbonymus schwanefeldii) in Muaro Pijoan River, Jambi as a Scientific Basis for Development of Freshwater Aquaculture
apiat (Barbonymus schwanefeldii) is one of the economically important freshwater fish found in the Muaro Pijoan River, Jambi. Intensive fishing pressure and water quality degradation due to anthropogenic activities pose threats to the sustainability of this fish population. This study aims to examine the size distribution and growth patterns of kapiat in the Muaro Pijoan River as a scientific basis for development of freshwater aquaculture. Sampling was conducted in October 2025 using traps and gillnets. A total of 83 kapiat were collected, consisting of 51 males and 32 females. Male fish had a total length range of 110–160 mm with a weight range of 20–55 g, while female fish had a total length range of 120–166 mm with a weight range of 21–71 g. The size distribution of male fish was dominated by the 134–141 mm size class (25 individuals), while female fish were dominated by the 156–164 mm size class (13 individuals). Length-weight relationship analysis showed that male fish exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern (b = 2.6399; R² = 0.7313), indicating that length growth was faster than weight gain. In contrast, female fish exhibited a positive allometric growth pattern (b = 3.4445; R² = 0.8998), indicating that weight gain was faster than length growth due to the gonadal maturation process. The relatively smaller size distribution compared to other populations suggests environmental influence on growth performance. These results provide baseline information for domestication strategies, broodstock selection, and feeding management in freshwater aquaculture systems
Copyright (c) 2026 Febrina Rolin, Lauura Hermala Yunita, Yoppie Wulanda, Yusyam Leni, Rizky Janatul Magwa (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Barnacle Stickers (Balanus sp) on the Body of Fishing Vessels on the Sailing Speed of Ships at Sea in Sibolga City
This research aims to investigate the impact of barnacle attachment (Balanus sp.) on the operational performance of fishing vessels in Sibolga City, focusing on vessel sailing speed and fuel oil consumption. The research used an experimental method with three hull condition treatments: clean hull, hull with moderate coverage (<50%), and hull with severe patch (>50%). Data collected includes speed, distance traveled, cruise time, and fuel usage. Data analysis involved ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and simple linear regression. The results showed that barnacle patches significantly influenced ship performance (p=0.000). Ships with clean hulls achieved the highest average speed of 7.82 knots, while ships with severe sticking had the lowest speed. Regression analysis (R2=0.581) confirmed that 58. The level of barnacle attachment caused 1% of the variation in ship speed. Increasing barnacle coverage significantly increases fuel consumption through increasing hydrodynamic drag on the ship's hull. This study concludes that the presence of barnacles substantially reduces the performance and operational efficiency of fishing vessels
Copyright (c) 2026 Warnita Siahaan, Mutiara Alkayakni Harahap, Kurniawan Fazri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Combination of Filter Media with Blood Shells on Water Quality and Growth of Asian Redtail Catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) in the Recirculation System
This study aims to determine the effect of combining blood clam shell (Anadara granosa) filter media on water quality in the recirculation system for Asian Redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) maintenance. The study was conducted from December 2025 to February 2026 at the Cultivation Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method with four treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of P0 (control without blood clam shell), P1 (150 g/25 L of water), P2 (200 g/25 L of water), and P3 (250 g/25 L of water). The results showed that the use of blood clam shells as a filter medium was able to maintain water quality during cultivation, with a temperature range of 24–28.6°C, pH 2.16–7.94, DO 4.96–6.47 mg/L, TDS 22–1038 mg/L, ammonia 0.015–1.429 mg/L, and nitrate 0.0604–21.2729 mg/L. The best treatment was obtained at P3, with a final fish length of 16.8 cm, SGR of 3.60%, feed efficiency of 93.45%, and the lowest FCR of 1.07. The fish survival rate ranged from 87–96%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karisma Agung, Rusliadi Rusliadi, Mulyadi Mulyadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Composition of Trap Net (Gombang) Catch Based on Tidal Conditions in Insit Village, Meranti Islands Regency
Trap nets (gombang) are passive fishing gears that utilize tidal currents to capture fish and shrimp in coastal waters. This study aims to identify the composition of catches from trap nets based on tidal conditions in the waters of Insit Village, Meranti Islands Regency. The research method used was a survey method through direct observation and interviews with fishermen. Data analysis was carried out using catch-proportion analysis, including main catch, by-catch, and discards. The results showed that penaeid shrimp and small pelagic fish such as anchovies dominated the catch composition. Catch composition was influenced by tidal conditions, where catches during high tide were higher than during low tide. The catch proportions indicate that trap nets still exhibit low selectivity, as evidenced by the high by-catch rate. Therefore, better management is needed to improve the efficiency and sustainability of trap net fisheries in the area.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Febrian Fadli, Alit Hindri Yani, Riska Fatmawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification of Types and Analysis of Microplastic Content in Fresh Shrimp Marketed in Dumai City
Microplastics are plastic particles smaller than 5 mm that are difficult to remove from the ocean. This study aimed to identify the types and levels of microplastics found in vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) and white shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) marketed in Dumai City, conducted from September to November 2025. The method used was a survey, and the research locations were determined using purposive sampling. Vannamei shrimp samples were collected from Bundaran Market, and white shrimp from Dumai City Fish Landing Site (TPI), and analyzed at the Marine Chemistry Sciences of the Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Riau. The results of this study indicate that three types of microplastics were present in both shrimp species: fibres, fragments, and films. Statistical analysis further revealed that the microplastic content in both shrimp species across different sizes did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in microplastic content between vanamei and white shrimp (p > 0.05). The results of linear regression analysis between microplastic content and shrimp morphometric measurements revealed a weak relationship
Copyright (c) 2026 Irene Dwi Rani Br Lingga, Bintal Amin, Efriyeldi Efriyeldi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Relationship between Total Oil Content in Sediment and the Abundance of Benthic Diatoms in the Waters of Pangkalan Jambi, Bengkalis, Riau
The research was conducted in December 2025 in the waters of Pangkalan Jambi. The purpose of this research was to analyze the total oil content in sediments, calculate the abundance of benthic diatoms, and explain the relationship between the total oil content in sediment and the abundance of benthic diatoms. The research uses a survey method; three sampling stations with three replications in each station were surveyed. The results showed that the average oil concentration in sediments exceeded the thresholds set by the Department of Water Resources Quality Assurance/Quality Control Program and the Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council. The results of the calculation of the abundance of benthic diatoms ranged from 2196.14 ind/cm2 to 3362.84 ind/cm2. The highest abundance is around small ports, while the lowest abundance is around the river mouth. Based on simple linear regression, the relationship between sediment oil content and benthic diatom abundance was y = 8281.7 – 1.1367x, with a coefficient of determination (R2)= 0.875 and a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.935. The value of r states a moderate relationship with a constant value b, which is negative, indicating that the higher the oil content, the lower the abundance of benthic diatoms in sediments.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jihan Fitri Muthiah Rahmah, Irvina Nurrcahmi, Sefni Hendris (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Comparative Analysis of Productivity and Efficiency of Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) and Biofloc in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Culture
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture faces challenges in achieving optimal production efficiency due to limited land availability and water resources. This study aimed to analyze and compare the productivity and efficiency of the Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) and Biofloc systems in Nile tilapia culture. The research employed a comparative experimental approach, measuring growth performance, Food Conversion Ratio (FCR), Survival Rate (SR), and water-quality management efficiency in both systems. The results showed that both systems significantly improved aquaculture productivity compared to conventional methods. The RAS system produced a higher daily growth rate, with productivity reaching 35 to 40 kg/m³ per cycle, survival rates of 85 to 92%, and more stable water quality. Meanwhile, the biofloc system demonstrated better feed efficiency, with an FCR ranging from 0.9 to 1.2, compared to RAS, which ranged from 1.2 to 1.5, and productivity reached 30 to 38 kg/m³ when biofloc was used as an additional nutrient source. Economically, the biofloc system was more efficient in feed and water utilization, whereas RAS was superior in environmental control and in managing high stocking density. These findings provide a scientific basis for aquaculture practitioners in determining the most suitable technology based on business scale, capital capacity, and aquaculture sustainability goals.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayi Yustiati, Rany Marlianti Karimah (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification of Salmonella sp. in Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Collected from PPI Ujong Baroh, West Aceh
Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is an important fishery commodity in Indonesia due to its high nutritional value and affordability. However, its high moisture and protein content make it highly susceptible to microbial contamination, including pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella sp., which may pose serious food safety risks to consumers. This study aimed to detect and characterize Salmonella sp. in milkfish landed at the Ujong Baroh Fish Landing Base (PPI Ujong Baroh), West Aceh Regency, Indonesia. The study was conducted in April 2025 using an observational sampling approach followed by laboratory-based microbiological analysis. A total of 10 milkfish samples were collected purposively during fish landings. Samples were aseptically dissected, and tissues from the gills, skin, muscle, and intestine were homogenized for bacterial analysis. Isolation was carried out using Buffer Peptone Water (BPW) as a pre-enrichment medium and Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA) as a selective medium. Identification was performed based on macroscopic colony morphology and microscopic Gram staining characteristics. The results showed that all ten samples tested positive for Salmonella sp. contamination. Colonies grown on SSA medium exhibited circular shapes, black pigmentation, smooth surfaces, entire margins, and convex elevations. Microscopic observations revealed Gram-negative coccobacillus to be short rod-shaped bacteria that appeared pink after Gram staining. These findings indicate that milkfish landed at PPI Ujong Baroh were contaminated by Salmonella sp., highlighting the need for improved sanitation practices and stricter microbiological monitoring during post-harvest fish handling
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Rasyid Pohan, Sri Wahyuni, Hayatun Nufus, Ismail Sulaiman, Samsul Bahri (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Length–Weight Relationship of Lambak Fish (Labiobarbus ocellatus) from Fishermen's Catches in the Batanghari River
Lambak fish (Labiobarbus ocellatus) is a freshwater species of ecological and economic importance in the Batanghari River. Basic biological information, particularly the length–weight relationship, is needed to understand growth characteristics and support sustainable fisheries management. This study aimed to analyze the size distribution and length–weight relationship of lambak fish based on fishermen's catches. Sampling was conducted in August 2025 through direct surveys of daily catches using traditional fishing gears. The length–weight relationship was analyzed using the equation W = aLᵇ. The results showed that the samples consisted of 22 females and 33 males. The total length of females ranged from 117–160 mm and males from 100–157 mm, with weight ranges of 15–36 g and 13–40 g, respectively. The regression coefficient (b) values of 2.1483 for females and 2.2459 for males indicated a negative allometric growth pattern. The coefficients of determination (R²) of 0.6904 for females and 0.501 for males suggested relatively strong to moderate length–weight relationships. This growth pattern reflects the species' biological response to environmental conditions
Copyright (c) 2026 Lauura Hermala Yunita, Yoppie Wulanda, Septy Heltria, Rizky Janatul Magwa, Ester Restiana Endang G, M. Hariski (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Marketing Efficiency of Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) at Bungus Ocean Fisheries Port, West Sumatra
The Bungus Ocean Fisheries Port (PPS Bungus) in West Sumatra plays a crucial role in marketing yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares). As a fish landing base in western Indonesia, PPS Bungus supports activities including fishing, unloading, sorting, and tuna distribution. The marketing channels involve a series of interdependent institutions that deliver the product to consumers, with varying levels of efficiency and costs. This study aims to understand the marketing channels, marketing efficiency, marketing margins, and price differences of yellowfin tuna at PPS Bungus, West Sumatra. The research was conducted at Bungus Ocean Fisheries Port (PPS) in West Sumatra Province from July 25 to August 16, 2023. The methodology employed in this research involved surveys, data processing using Microsoft Excel, and SPSS version 26. The research findings indicate that there are two marketing channels for yellowfin tuna: one between fishermen and PT. Dempo Andalas Samudera, and another between fishermen and PT. Lintas Laut Samudera. The marketing margin for yellowfin tuna at PT. Dempo Andalas Samudera is IDR 12,000, and at PT. Lintas Laut Samudera is IDR 13,000. The fishermen's Share at PT. Dempo Andalas Samudera is 74.46%, and at PT. Lintas Laut Samudera is 72.91%. The efficiency of the marketing channels for yellowfin tuna shows 1.17 for PT. Dempo Andalas Samudera and 1.14 for PT. Lintas Laut Samudera. This study demonstrates that the marketing channels at PPS Bungus are efficient, and there are no differences in selling prices between PT. Dempo Andalas Samudera and PT. Lintas Laut Samudera
Copyright (c) 2026 Fadhila Sahira Erian Putri, Lauura Hermala Yunita, Afriani harahap (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efficiency of Unloading Time of Fish Catches at Nusantara Sibolga Fishery Port, North Sumatra
Unloading efficiency is the optimal outcome of well-executed, quick unloading activities that avoid wasted time. This research aims to determine the efficiency of unloading fish catches and the factors that influence it at the Sibolga Archipelago Fisheries Port (PPN). This research was carried out at the Archipelago Fisheries Port (PPN) Sibolga, Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province, from 19 January to 20 February 2024. The method used in this research was a survey. Then, the sample determination method uses purposive sampling, namely, samples selected according to predetermined criteria; 50 samples were collected using data analysis of demolition time efficiency and multiple linear regression. The variables observed were the ship's size, the number of catches, the number of unloaders, the number of sorters, and the amount of wasted time. The results of this research show that time efficiency is 76%. Then the R-squared value is 0.72, and the multiple R value is 0.84. Furthermore, the calculated F value was 22.665, and the F table was 3.545. It can be concluded that the unloading efficiency at the Sibolga Archipelago Fisheries Port (PPN) is 76%, which is considered efficient
Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Belen Siregar, Lauura Hermala Yunita, Yun Alwi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of the Fire-Free Village Program on Forest and Land Fires in Pelalawan Regency (Case Study: Segati Village)
Forest and land fires pose a serious threat to Pelalawan Regency, undermining environmental sustainability and community well-being. The Fire-Free Village (FFV) program serves as a preventive initiative that promotes active community participation and institutional collaboration. This study aims to analyze internal and external factors influencing the effectiveness of the FFV program and to formulate strategies for strengthening its implementation and adaptability to local conditions. A mixed-methods approach combined with SWOT analysis was employed, focusing on five program-supported villages. The findings indicate that strengths such as strong community participation and government policy support serve as key assets. At the same time, weaknesses and threats include limited resources and the persistent culture of land burning. Optimization strategies include enhancing human resource capacity, developing alternative economic activities, improving early-detection technologies, and promoting education grounded in local cultural values. These findings contribute significantly to the development of more effective and sustainable forest and land fire prevention strategies in Pelalawan Regency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hafiz Hazalin Sinaga, Ridwan Manda Putra, Muhammad Syafii, Budijono Budijono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Type and Abundance of Phytoplankton in Lubuk Larangan Area, Sungai Paku Village, Kampar District, Riau
This study aims to determine the types and abundances of phytoplankton species in Lubuk Larangan, Desa Sungai Paku. This research was conducted in May-June 2024 in Lubuk Larangan, Sungai Paku Village, Kampar Kiri District, Kampar Regency. The method used was the survey method, and data analysis was conducted using statistical tests. Phytoplankton species found in Lubuk Larangan, Sungai Paku Village, were 33 species belonging to 5 classes: Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Diatome, Euglenophyceae, and Zygnematophyceae. The abundance of phytoplankton species ranged from 7.080 to 16.800 cells/L. The highest phytoplankton abundance was at station II (16.800 cells/L), and the lowest was at station I (7.080,8 cells/L). Diversity index values ranged from 3.2883 to 3.7419, uniformity index 0.90 to 0.95, and dominance index 0.08 to 0.11. The high abundance of phytoplankton species obtained in the lubuk larangan (Station II) compared to the area outside the lubuk larangan (Stations I and III) indicates a difference type and abundance of phytoplankton with the results of the T test obtained a significant value of 0.028 (p < 0.05) and the value of T count is 3.374 and the value of T table is 2.77645 where T count is greater than T table
Copyright (c) 2026 Rama Wahyudi, Muhammad Fauzi, Eko Purwanto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tissue Structure of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Fed on Cosmos caudatus-Enriched Pellets and Reared in Saline Media
Cosmos caudatus is known as an herb that may improve fish health in general. However, the effects of this herb provision on the fish tissue structure have never been studied. To determine any changes in fish tissue provided with C. caudatus-enriched pellets, a study was conducted in June - August 2024. A CRD with 4 treatments: T0 (control), T1 (10 g/kg), T2 (15 g/kg), and T3 (20 g/kg), and 3 replications per treatment was applied. Commercial fish feed pellets were mixed with C. caudatus powder, and this feed was given to the experimental fish 3 times/day, at satiation. The fish was reared in saline media (5 ppt) for 60 days. By the end of the experiment, the tissue was removed and processed for histological study (formalin-fixed, alcohol series processed, 5mm sliced, HE-stained). Results showed that the provision of C. caudatus-enriched pellets does not affect the tissue structure of the fish in general, as the tissue structure was almost normal. However, abnormalities were observed in several fish, including the control fish, including hyperplasia and hemorrhage in the gills, glomerular damage and hemorrhage in kidney tissue, and hepatocyte damage in the liver. As the control fish that were not fed C. caudatus showed abnormalities in their tissues, it is predicted that the provision of C. caudatus may not cause the damage; instead, it may be related to other factors, such as water salinity. T1 (10 g/kg feed) had the highest survival rate at 96.66%. Based on the data provided, it can be concluded that the provision of C. caudatus-enriched pellets does not negatively affect the fish's tissue structure.
Copyright (c) 2026 Difa Syafwali, Windarti Windarti, Efawani Efawani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Morphometric, Meristic, and Species Identification of Nemacheilus spp in the Sibam River, Pekanbaru, Riau
A type of fish suspected to have morphological characteristics similar to Nemacheilus spp was found in the Sibam River. However, the species has not yet been identified with certainty. This study aims to identify the types of Nemacheilus spp in the Sibam River based on morphometric and meristic characteristics. This study was conducted from September to November 2024. Sampling was conducted six times in the upper reaches of the Sibam River at two-week intervals. The fish samples obtained were then measured for their morphometric characteristics and counted for their meristic characteristics, followed by species identification based on relevant literature. The results showed that 38 Nemacheilus spp were caught, comprising 18 males and 20 females. Morphologically, male fish tended to have more contrasting and brighter body colors than females, which were relatively paler. Among the 24 morphometric characters observed, four characters showed differences between male and female fish, namely the head height (HH) of male fish was relatively shorter than females, the body height (BH) of female fish was higher than males, the distance from the dorsal fin to the caudal fin (DFCF) of males is longer than that of females, and the eye diameter (ED) of males is smaller than that of females. The meristic characteristics of male and female fish show similarities, with fin formulas D.II 6-8, P 9-12, V 6-7, A 4-5, and C 13-16.
Copyright (c) 2026 Uneng Rhahma Sari, Windarti Windarti, Ridwan Manda Putra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Application of Black Cumin Oil (Nigella sativa) in Aquaculture: A Review of the Potential for Growth and Immunity Enhancement
Black cumin oil (Nigella sativa) is a natural ingredient that contains various bioactive compounds, including thymoquinone, flavonoids, and essential fatty acids, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulating effects. In the field of aquaculture, the use of black cumin oil as a feed supplement is being developed due to its potential in improve the growth performance and immune system of farmed fish. This article aims to systematically review research on the application of black cumin oil in aquaculture, focusing on improving fish growth rate and immune response. Based on a literature review, it was found that N. sativa supplementation in oil form in various fish species, such as Oncorhynchus mykiss, Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus, and Anabas testudineus, was able to improve growth, feed conversion ratio, as well as immunological parameters such as phagocytic activity, immunoglobulin levels, and resistance to infection.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bagus Susilo, Fittrie Meyllianawaty Pratiwy, Iskandar Iskandar, Rafidah Othman, Roffi Grandiosa Herman (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Antibacterial Activity Test of Citrus jambhiri L to inhibit the Growth of Aeromonas hydrophila
Jungga acid (Citrus jambhiri L.) contains compounds such as limonene, flavonoids, and essential oils that have potential as natural antibacterial agents. This study was conducted from September 2024 to June 2025 at the Parasite and Fish Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of jungga lime against Aeromonas hydrophila and to determine the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration). The methods used were experimental, employing the disk diffusion technique (Kirby-Bauer) to measure the clear zone and dilution methods (turbidity test and total plate count) to determine the MIC. The treatments consisted of jungga lime concentrations ranging from 100% to 1%, with a positive control using the antibiotic Oxytetracycline. Each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that Jungga lime could inhibit the growth of A. hydrophila at concentrations ranging from 100% to 1%, with clear zone diameters of 13.93 mm to 6.56 mm. The best MIC value for inhibiting the growth of A. hydrophila was 0.6% (285 CFU/mL). It can be concluded that Jungga lime has potential as a natural antibacterial agent for controlling diseases in farmed fish
Copyright (c) 2026 Ikhwanul Khairy, Henni Syawal, Morina Riauwaty (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Antibacterial Activity Test of Papaya Seed Extract (Carica papaya L.) on the Growth of Aeromonas hydrophila
Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause systemic disease and mass death. The disease caused by A. hydrophila bacteria is MAS (Motile Aeromonas Septicemia). One alternative treatment for A. hydrophila infection in fish is papaya seed extract (Carica papaya L.). This research was conducted from June 2024 to June 2025 at the Laboratory of Parasites and Fish Diseases, Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition zone of papaya seed extract, as seen from the inhibition zone formed in inhibiting the growth of A. hydrophila, and also to determine the best MIC dose that can inhibit the growth of A. hydrophila. As well as to get a safe dose by conducting LD50 tests of papaya seed extract within 24 hours against common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with immersion techniques. The research method used was the experimental method, using the Kirby-Bauer disc method and a 6 mm diameter blank disk, with 3 repetitions per treatment. The results of the research indicate that papaya seed extract can inhibit the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria at concentrations of 100% - 1%, with an average inhibition zone diameter of 9, 86-6.2 mm. The MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) of papaya seed extract inhibits the growth of A. hydrophila at 3.5%, with an average bacterial colony count of 280 CFU/mL. The LD50 value of papaya seed extract against common carp with the immersion technique for 24 hours is at a concentration of 3.73%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lukman Basir, Morina Riauwaty, Henni Syawal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Relationship between Chlorophyll a and Total Phosphorus (Total-P) in Perupuk Lake, Perhentian Raja Sub-District, Kampar, Riau
The province of Riau has many freshwater bodies that play a very important role in the lives of the surrounding communities. This study aims to determine the relationship between chlorophyll a and Total-P (Total Phosphorus) concentrations, and to evaluate the trophic status of Lake Perupuk in Perhentian Raja District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. This study was conducted from October to December 2024 at three stations: Station 1 (estuary, without settlements), Station 2 (main lake area with fish cages), and Station 3 (estuary with settlements and agricultural activities). Sampling was carried out five times at one-week intervals at the surface and at a depth of 2 Secchi. The parameters measured included chlorophyll a, Total-P, temperature, transparency (Secchi depth), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), free carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrate. The results showed that chlorophyll a concentration ranged from 11.04 to 14.14 µg/L, with the highest value at Station 2 (14.14 µg/L) and the lowest at Station 1 (11.04 µg/L). Total-P concentrations ranged from 0.0168 to 0.0338 mg/L, following the same pattern: highest at Station 3 (0.0338 mg/L) and lowest at Station 1 (0.0168 mg/L). Simple regression analysis showed an insignificant relationship between Total-P and chlorophyll-a (R² = 0.0266–0.0774), indicating that, in mesotrophic waters, other factors, such as light and nitrogen availability, also affect chlorophyll-a concentrations. Based on chlorophyll a and Total-P concentrations, Lake Perupuk is categorized as a mesotrophic water body, with supporting parameters within the optimal range for aquatic organisms
Copyright (c) 2026 Andika Ramadhani, Asmika H. Simarmata, Budijono Budijono (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Rabal Probiotic Supplementation at Different Doses on the Growth and Survival of Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus) using a Recirculation System
Striped catfish is a consumable fish with a good selling price and is a leading export commodity in Indonesia. Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus) often experience slow growth due to several factors that affect metabolic efficiency and nutrient intake. This study aims to determine the optimal dose of rabal probiotics to improve the growth and survival of catfish using a recirculation system. This study was conducted from April to June 2025 for 50 days at the Aquaculture Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. The method used was an experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD), using four treatments (P1 = control, P2 = Rabal probiotic 30 ml/100g feed, P3 = Rabal probiotic 35 ml/100g feed, P4 = Rabal probiotic 40 ml/100g feed) and three replicates. The results showed that administering Rabal probiotics at different doses affected the growth and survival of P. hypophthalmus in including average weight and length growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio, and survival. The best treatment was found in treatment P4 (40 ml/100 g feed), which showed significant growth (P<0.05), namely absolute length of 3.72 cm, absolute weight of 6.74 g, specific growth rate of 2.08%, FCR value of 1.43, feed efficiency of 69.93%, and survival rate of 85%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Citra Taulani, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Iskandar Putra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Structure of the Mangrove Community in the Pangkalan Jambi Village, Bukit Batu District, Bengkalis
ngroves are coastal ecosystems that play a very important ecological and economic role. This study aims to analyze mangrove species, density, and importance index. The method used was a survey method with the determination of research stations using purposive sampling, where the research location was divided into 3 stations based on criteria, namely station 1 mangrove forest located in Damai Village with relatively good mangrove conditions, station 2 mangrove forest located in Rukun Village which is a mangrove ecotourism area, and Station 3, a mangrove forest located in Murni Village, which is adjacent to a residential area. The results of water quality parameter measurements in Pangkalan Jambi Village showed salinity values of 19-22, pH values of 5.4-6.5, and temperatures of 29-30 ℃. Based on the study, five mangrove species were found in the mangrove forest area of Pangkalan Jambi Village: Rhizophora apiculata, Xylocarpus granatum, Nypa fruticans, Avicennia marina, and Talipariti. tiliaceum. The density in the tree category at station I had the highest density, 1566.66 ind/ha, while the lowest was at station II, 300 ind/ha. In the seedling category, the highest density was found at station I with a density value of 4800 ind/ha, while the lowest density was found at station II with a density value of 3466.67 ind/ha. In the seedling category, the highest density was found at station I with a density value of 7500 ind/ha, while the lowest density was found at station II with a density value of 5000 ind/ha. Based on the average Importance Value Index calculation, the highest INP value was R. apiculata at 249.295%, and the lowest was S. alba at 178.588%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Asraf Octaviari, Syafruddin Nasution, Feliatra Feliatra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Composition and Percentage Comparison of Bycatch between Conventional Gillnets and Modified Gillnets
Sibolga, as one of the major fishing port cities in North Sumatra, is an area where surface gillnets are commonly used in pelagic fishing operations. However, the use of gillnets currently faces significant challenges, including high bycatch levels and threats to the sustainability of pelagic fish ecosystems. This study employed an experimental fishing method, specifically surface gillnet trials. The trials were conducted using gillnets with mesh sizes of 2” and 2.5”. The results show that the modified gillnet with a 2.5-inch mesh size yields a significantly higher target catch percentage (HTU) of 73% compared to the conventional gillnet with a 2-inch mesh size, which yields only 27%. This significant difference highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate mesh size to optimize gear selectivity. The principle of geometric selectivity can explain the 46% difference in HTU between the two types of gillnets. Furthermore, the use of conventional gillnets with a 2-inch mesh size resulted in a higher HTS (62%) than modified gillnets with a 2.5-inch mesh size (38%). These data indicate that smaller mesh sizes tend to be less selective and capture more non-target species. A larger L value indicates this, compared to the length of the first fish caught (Lc), suggesting that the fishing practices employed do not threaten the sustainability of fish populations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Afni Afriani, Irnawati Sinaga, Fandi Handika Arta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Coastal Abrasion Rate and Sediment Fractions at Tiram Beach, West Sumatra
Tiram Beach, located in Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatra Province, is one of the coastal areas under environmental pressure from coastal abrasion. Abrasion leads to shoreline retreat and negative impacts on local socio-economic activities. This study aims to analyze the rate of coastal abrasion and sediment fractions at Tiram Beach over 20 years (2003–2023), and to identify the dominant sediment characteristics in the area. The research methods included analysis of Landsat satellite imagery (2003, 2013, and 2023). Results show that Tiram Beach has undergone consistent shoreline retreat, with abrasion rates ranging from 2.2 to 3.1 meters per year. The sediment is predominantly composed of coarse sand and gravel, classified as poorly sorted, with skewness values indicating a dominance of coarse particles in certain zones. Contributing factors to abrasion include high-energy waves from the Indian Ocean, strong coastal currents, and human activities such as tourism and coastal infrastructure development. In conclusion, coastal abrasion at Tiram Beach is significant and poses a threat to the sustainability of the coastal zone if left unmanaged. Mitigation measures such as the construction of coastal protection structures, rehabilitation of coastal vegetation, and integrated coastal spatial planning are recommended to reduce future impacts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fauzan Azmi, Rifardi Rifardi, Ilham Ilahi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Types and Abundance of Phytoplankton in the Genting River Estuary, Tanjung Medang Village, North Rupat District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau
The waters of North Rupat are an area with various anthropogenic activities, including tourism, industry, transportation, and activities of local communities who work as farmers, ranchers, traders, and fishermen, which may cause water pollution. The estuaries in this area have mangrove ecosystems, seagrass beds, and open waters that support the life of aquatic organisms. Phytoplankton, as primary producers, play an important role in the food chain and can serve as biological indicators of water quality and fertility. This study aims to determine the types and abundance of phytoplankton in the Genting River Estuary, Tanjung Medang Village. The study was conducted in September 2024 using a survey method to obtain primary data in the form of phytoplankton samples and water quality parameters. Samples were taken three times at weekly intervals, then identified and counted for abundance. The results showed that there were 43 types of phytoplankton consisting of Bacillariophyceae (23 types), Chlorophyceae (7 types), Cyanophyceae (8 types), Dinophyceae (1 type), Euglenophyceae (1 type), and Zygnematophyceae (3 types). The abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 6,280 to 7,560 cells/L, indicating low water fertility. Water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, nitrate, and phosphate) still support phytoplankton survival. Thus, it can be concluded that the waters of the Genting River Estuary exhibit a fairly high phytoplankton diversity but are classified as low in fertility
Copyright (c) 2026 Sampson Anjuando Sitorus, Eddiwan Eddiwan, Isma Mulyani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Species and Density of Starfish (Asteroidea) in Seagrass Ecosystems at Pengudang Village, Bintan Regency, Kepulauan Riau
Sea stars, members of the Echinodermata phylum, are closely associated with seagrass beds and play a role in the food chain. High seagrass cover supports a variety of biota, including sea stars. This study aims to determine the types and density of starfish (Asteroidea) in the seagrass ecosystem of Pengudang Village, Bintan Regency, Kepulauan Riau Province. This research was conducted in September 2024 in Pengudang Village, Bintan Regency, Kepulauan Riau Province. Starfish sampling and observation were conducted at three station points, with each station having three transect lines. Each transect contained ten observation plots measuring 1×1 m. Two species of starfish were found during the study in Pengudang village: Archaster typicus (73 individuals) and Protoreaster nodosus (14 individuals). The density of starfish found during research in Pengudang Village ranged from 700 to 13,700 individuals per hectare. Water quality conditions during the study were classified as good for supporting starfish life, with temperatures ranging from 29.7 to 31.3°C, current speeds from 0.055 to 0.076 m/s, salinity from 29.9 to 31.6 ppt, and dissolved oxygen from 6.82 to 7.66 mg/L.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Adnin Firmansyah Simanjuntak, Adriman Adriman, Muhammad Fauzi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Potential of Various Types of Decomposers on the Effectiveness of Palm Oil Fruit Bunch (EFB) Composting and a Study of Socio-Economic Conditions in the Village of Lubuk Ogung
Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are the main solid waste product of the palm oil industry and have great potential to be processed into high-value organic fertilizer. However, the natural decomposition process is very slow. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of several types of decomposers (EM-4, Eco-enzyme, M-21, and MSG-3) in accelerating the TKKS composting process and to identify the socio-economic conditions and perceptions of the Lubuk Ogung Village community regarding community-based waste management. The method used was a mixed-methods design, with a completely randomized design (CRD) and three replicates for technical analysis and in-depth interviews for social aspects. The parameters observed included the C/N ratio, organic C, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The results showed that Eco-enzyme and M-21 were the most effective decomposers, producing final C/N ratios of 16.44 and 17.25, respectively, which meet the SNI 7763:2024 standard. Socially, the community showed a positive perception of TKKS composting, though they still faced obstacles in technical knowledge, market access, and program sustainability. These findings indicate that the application of decomposer technology, particularly Eco-enzyme, has the potential to strengthen waste management and promote community empowerment through circular economy practices at the village level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizka Utami, Rahman Karnila, Deviona Deviona (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0